Bitter Fennel (F. vulgare var. amara) or Sweet Fennel (F. vulgare var. dulce) is obtained by steam distillation of the seeds. This essential oil is pale yellow with peppery-spicy or sweet earthy fragrance, respectively.
Main Components: fenchone, trans-anethole, methyl chavicol, pinene. The sweet variety contains less fenchone (that has analgesic properties) and more anethole (antibacteria and antifungal compound 13 times sweeter than sugar with anise fragrance) than bitter f.
Actions*: antiseptic, analgesic, antispasmodic, diuretic, expectorant, stomachic.
Applications*: lymphatic decongestant - fluid retention problems, cellulite, menopausal problems, upper respiratory problems, urinary tract infections, gastrointestinal tract problems, such as fullness and flatulence, rejuvenates skin, warming and drying; use in massage and direct inhalation.
Safety data: non-toxic, non-irritant, may cause sensitization. Contraindicated during pregnancy, epilepsy and for small children due to trans-anethole's oestrogen-like action.